From World of Sociology Behaviorism, an approach to psychological study based philosophically on logical-positivism that denies the relevance of consciousness in understanding behavior, explains human behavior entirely in terms of observable and measurable responses to environmental stimuli.
From The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy The view that mental states are defined by their causes and effects. As a metaphysical thesis about the nature of mental states, functionalism holds that what makes an inner state mental is not an intrinsic property of the state, but rather its relations to sensory stimulation (input), to other inner states, and to behavior (output).
School of psychology that interprets phenomena as organized wholes rather than as aggregates of distinct parts, maintaining that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
From The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy The subfield of psychology that traces the development over time of moral reasoning and opinions in the lives of individuals.
From The Penguin Dictionary of Psychology A branch of applied psychology covering organizational, military, economic and personnel psychology and including such areas as tests and measurements, the study of organizations and organizational behaviour, personnel practices, human engineering, human factors, the effects of work, fatigue, pay, consumer surveys and market research.
From The Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science As a school or system of psychology, structuralism had its antecedents in British philosophy of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
From Encyclopedia of Special Education: A Reference for the Education of the Handicapped and Other Exceptional Children and Adults The American Psychological Association (APA) is the nation’s major psychology organization. The APA works to advance psychology as a science and a profession, and to promote human welfare.
From Encyclopedia of Special Education: A Reference for the Education of the Handicapped and Other Exceptional Children and Adults The history of psychiatric care at Bellevue Hospital Center and the history of psychiatric care in the United States are closely interwoven.
From The Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science Halfway houses are locales where all activities and interactions may be viewed as having potentially healing, rehabilitative, and supportive properties and where all members may consciously or unconsciously contribute to therapy.
From World of Sociology
Total institutions are residential establishments designed to break down prior socialization and instill a new set of norms, values, and beliefs.